Tracheal stenosis can be classified into intrinsic Stenosis secondary to tracheal
inflammatory lesion or mass effect and extrinsic stenosis secondary tumors of thyroid,
esophagus and mediastinum. Extrinsic stenosis which is frequently encountered in clinical
setting could be often overlooked due to mild symptom. Recently, even with the increasing
interest in extrinsic tracheal stenosis there are limitation in it's diagnosis and treatment. The
purpose of this study is to provide guidance in the diagnosis and treatment of extrinsic
tracheal stenosis. Here, we report the etiologic, symptoms, radiologic findings, pulmonary
fuction finding, treatment an its results in 26 cases of extrinsic tracheal stenosis.
Causes of extrinsic trachealstenosis included compression of airway by thyroid benign tumor
in 13 cases to be the most common, next by thyroid malignancy in 9 cases, metastatic
mediastinal tumor in 2 cases, 1 case each for esophageal cancer and parathyroid cancer. in 3
cases simple tracheal resection and end to end anastomosis were done, 1 cases underwent
total laryngectomy, and 8 cases were treated by conservative management, where all cases
failed in treatment. The remaining 14 cases were successfully treated by removing the causes
and maintatining tracheal tube insertion for amount for amount of time.
Extrinsic tracheal stenosis due to benign conditions were treated satisfactorily by removing
mass, however with the malignant causes there was considerable amount of difficulty in
treatment.
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